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Formula to help approximate water and caloric loss using a patient's body weight
The Holliday-Segar formula is a formula to help approximate water and caloric loss (and therefore the water requirements) using a patient's body weight.[1] Primarily aimed at pediatric patients, the Holliday-Segar formula is the most commonly used estimate of daily caloric requirements.[2] To date, the formula continues to be recommended in the current clinical practice guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics, American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, and National Health Service.[3][4][5] Developed in 1957 by Drs. Malcolm A. Holliday and William E. Segar while at the Indiana University School of Medicine, the researchers concluded a non-linear relationship between energy expenditure and weight alone to determine fluid requirements.
To estimate the daily fluid requirements of a 9-year-old boy who weights 32 kg, 10*100 + 10*50 + 12*20 = 1740 kcal per day. At a 1 kcal / 1 mL conversion, the daily H20 requirements would therefore be 1740 mL.
While generalizable to most cohorts, the Holliday-Segar formula may inadequately estimate caloric requirements in patients affected by fever, hypothermia, or increased activity states (i.e., hyperthyroidism or status epilepticus).[2] The formula can also only be applied to patients above 2 weeks of age.
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Holliday-Segar Formula for Maintenance Fluid Requirements by Weight
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A child actress in many notable British television series since the age of 6, Holliday (often credited as Holly) Grainger broke into a more adult market as the female lead in the U.K. romantic drama "The Scouting Book For Boys" (2009). She then went on to specialize in period costume dramas, with some of her higher profile roles including Lucrezia Borgia in Neil Jordan's three-season television series "The Borgias" (Showtime 2011-13), a part in a film version of "Jane Eyre" (2011), Estella in Mike Newell's adaptation of "Great Expectations" (2011), and an appearance opposite Keira Knightley and Jude Law in Joe Wright's adaptation of "Anna Karenina" (2012).
Born in Didsbury, a suburb of the northern English city of Manchester, Grainger earned her first youthful television role on the situation comedy "All Quiet On The Preston Front" (BBC 1994-97). For the next decade and a half, she worked regularly in television, often showing up in iconic U.K. series including medical soap "Casualty" (BBC 1986- ), crime drama "Dalziel and Pascoe" (BBC 1996-2007) and family drama "Where The Heart Is" (BBC 1997-2006). Her American breakthrough came with her leading role as criminal mastermind Bonnie Parker in the historical mini-series "Bonnie and Clyde" (History 2013).
A child actress in many notable British television series since the age of 6, Holliday (often credited as Holly) Grainger broke into a more adult market as the female lead in the U.K. romantic drama "The Scouting Book For Boys" (2009). She then went on to specialize in period costume dramas, with some of her higher profile roles including Lucrezia Borgia in Neil Jordan's three-season television series "The Borgias" (Showtime 2011-13), a part in a film version of "Jane Eyre" (2011), Estella in Mike Newell's adaptation of "Great Expectations" (2011), and an appearance opposite Keira Knightley and Jude Law in Joe Wright's adaptation of "Anna Karenina" (2012). Born in Didsbury, a suburb of the northern English city of Manchester, Grainger earned her first youthful television role on the situation comedy "All Quiet On The Preston Front" (BBC 1994-97). For the next decade and a half, she worked regularly in television, often showing up in iconic U.K. series including medical soap "Casualty" (BBC 1986-), crime drama "Dalziel and Pascoe" (BBC 1996-2007) and family drama "Where The Heart Is" (BBC 1997-2006). Her American breakthrough came with her leading role as criminal mastermind Bonnie Parker in the historical mini-series "Bonnie and Clyde" (History 2013).
